Poland's AI inspection and penalty provisions enter into force

Poland's Act of 3 July 2026 on artificial intelligence systems (Dz.U. 2026 poz. 1003) was published in the Dziennik Ustaw on 27 July 2026. The Sejm's official legal-information page says the act entered into force on 11 August 2026, with two exceptions. Article 125(4) entered into force on 28 July 2026. Articles 8 to 18 and chapters 3, 4, 5, 8 and 9 enter into force on 28 October 2026. Article 127 says those provisions enter into force three months after publication. The 28 October date is the date stated on that official page.

Those provisions give the Commission for the Development and Security of Artificial Intelligence its supervision tools. Articles 8 to 18 cover individual opinions and explanations, and allow the commission to put a view to a court in an artificial-intelligence case where the public interest calls for it. The fee for applying for an individual opinion is 150 zł. The commission is to deliver the opinion within 30 days of the application, or 60 days in a particularly complicated case. If it does not, the opinion is treated as agreeing with the position in the application.

Chapter 3 covers inspections of compliance with Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 and the act. Chapter 4 covers proceedings before the market-surveillance authority. Chapter 5 covers a settlement on extraordinary mitigation of sanctions. Article 104 says the commission imposes an administrative fine, by decision, in the cases, at the amounts and on the conditions set in Chapter XII of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689. Chapter 8 also contains criminal provisions. Chapter 9 amends other laws. It adds a duty for the President of the Personal Data Protection Office to cooperate with the commission, and it adds a duty of cooperation with the commission in article 26(3) of the National Cybersecurity System Act.

What it means for business: from 28 October 2026, organisations covered by the EU AI Act in Poland can be inspected by this commission and can be fined under the penalty rules in the EU AI Act. An application to the commission for an individual opinion costs 150 zł. This describes the act. It is not advice on a particular system.